Nd seronegative donors for these viruses (data not shown), in agreement with work published by other individuals [26]. We then examined if V2neg T cells increased with age (see Fig. 1c). A variety of middle- and older-aged donors2014 British Society for Immunology, Clinical and Experimental Immunology, 176: 418CMV distorts T cells over timeTable 1. Summarized T cell profiles of study subjects. Age group 210 years V2-negative V2-positive 410 years V2-negative V2-positive 61+ years V2-negative V2-positive T cell subset CMV-positive (n = 39) 24 0 (291 55) 22 07 (35 6) (n = 43) 24 06 (404 97) 27 04 (292 5) (n = 43) 37 13 (586 256) 26 0 (44 13) CMV-negative (n = 58) 11 08 (148 1) 37 08 (39 four) (n = 40) 05 0 (112 12) 24 02 (34 5) (n = 32) 0 09 (71 19) 37 04 (43 8) P-value (Mann hitney U-test) 036 (009) 034 (085) 0001 (0003) 085 (09) 0004 ( 0001) 09 (072)Values within the CMV-positive and CMV-negative columns denote signifies and regular error for every subset as a percentage of total T cells and, in brackets, absolute numbers per l of blood. CMV = cytomegalovirus.had V2neg T cell expansions approaching 10 (or additional) of all T cells, using the highest observed frequency at 41 of all T cells in a single healthier elderly donor; findings which are pretty similar to that of enhanced CMV-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in healthy elderly virus carriers. Even so, the improve in V2neg cells with age was not statistically substantial (P = 08). Interestingly, there was a significant reduction of V2neg cells within the CMV-seronegative group with age (P 0001). Further evaluation within separate age groups termed hereafter as young, aged 210 years (n = 97), middle-aged, aged 410 years (n = 83) and elderly, aged 615 years (n = 75), showed that V2neg T cells have been drastically larger in CMV carriers of all age groups when compared with age-matched CMV-seronegative donors, both as frequency of total T cells and as the absolute quantity of cells (see Table 1). In contrast, V2pos T cells PubMed ID:http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21338877 have been not drastically different in between CMV-seropositive and CMV-seronegative subjects in any age group.of naive cells in elderly donors (Fig. 2c) when compared with middle-aged and young donors (both P 0001). CMV carriage connected with lowered naive V2neg cells in every group (Fig. 3d), but this only reached statistical significance in elderly donors (P = 01).Comparative evaluation of V2neg T cells with virus-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cellsAlthough V2neg T cells were larger in older population groups, there was considerable interindividual variation inside all age groups. We questioned regardless of whether this variation was on account of variations in frequencies of CMV-specific CD4+ and CMV-specific CD8+ T cells, each parameters also varying significantly in between individuals in every group. CD4+ T cell frequency was determined by IFN- responses against CMV lysate and CD8+ T cell responses were based on responses against a peptide cocktail representing six immunodominant antigens (IE-1, IE-2, pp65, pp50, gB, pp150), which would cover 90 of responders. This doesn’t represent the full CMV-specific T cell response, which could involve more than 100 viral antigens [13]; having said that, this would be impractical to measure in a substantial cohort study including ours. The results (Fig. three) showed that frequencies of V2neg T cells did not correlate using the CD8+ T cell JNJ16259685 biological activity response (r two = 034; P = 047) or CD4+ T cell response (r two = 002; P = 059). Some people had massive V2neg T cell expansions and weak CMV-specific CD8+CD4+ T cell re.