138, 17.6 ).Abbreviations: HSV, herpes simplex virus; PBK, pseudophakic bullous keratopathy; PK, penetrating keratoplasty.www.bjophthalmolPenetrating keratoplastyFigure two Trends in the top indications for penetrating keratoplasty (PK). Viral keratitis, which integrated both herpes simplex and herpes zoster, as an indication for PK, showed a statistically considerable decreasing trend making use of regression evaluation (A, p,0.001). Pseudophakic bullous keratopathy (PBK) increased, reaching a peak in 1999 (B, p,0.05). Fuchs’ endothelial dystrophy, regrafts, and keratoconus fluctuated over this 10 year period and didn’t show a statistically significant trend (C ). The correlation coefficient r measures the closeness of match in the information to the regression line.All round, sex distribution showed slight male predominance with 54.7 males and 45.3 females. Making use of x2 evaluation for sex variations by diagnostic categories there was a statistically important predominance amongst males with keratoconus (79 males, 39 females; p,0.001). No important sex difference was identified for the other diagnostic categories. The trends in the key indications for PK are illustrated in figure 2.Tirofiban The underlying major diagnosis along with the explanation for graft failure inside the regraft subgroup were evaluated (table 1).BT-13 Surgical procedures related with PK are illustrated in table 2. Figure three illustrates the comparison from the existing indications for PK with those studied within the earlier two decades.4 Table 1 Analysis of regrafts: original diagnosis and cause of failureOriginal diagnosis Viral keratitis Dystrophies Bullous keratopathy Trauma Keratoconus Ulcerative keratitis Corneal opacities Other folks Unknown 68 49 47 44 41 ten ten 40 12 (21.two ) (15.two ) (14.PMID:23829314 6 ) (13.7 ) (12.8 ) (three.1 ) (three.1 ) (12.5 ) (three.7 ) Causes of failure Endothelial failure* 134 (41.8 ) Endothelial rejection53 (16.five ) Astigmatism 20 (six.two ) Recurrence of dystrophy 15 (four.7 ) Perforation 15 (4.7 ) Bacterial infection 13 (4 ) Scarring 12 (3.7 ) Primary donor failure 7 (2.two ) Recurrent HSV keratitis 7 (2.two ) Impending perforation six (1.9 ) Bacterial infection with 5 (1.5 ) perforation Glaucoma 5 (1.5 ) Trauma 3 (0.9 ) Other individuals 14 (4.4 ) Unknown 12 (three.7 ) 321 (one hundred ) Total 321 (100 )DISCUSSIONThe Corneoplastic Unit and Eye Bank is really a tertiary referral centre that offers primarily with corneal and anterior segment disorders. The indications for PK are usually not representative of those nationwide and clearly reflect the specialty nature in the institution (table 3). The category “other” within the table offered by UK Transplant accounted for 28 of indications. This really is erroneous and reflects the operating surgeons’ unwillingness to categorise indications in accordance with the list provided in the Transplant Record Type. Regrafting accounted for 40.9 of all PKs over 10 years, a figure which has primarily not changed in the last series spanning two decades (40.eight ).4 It was also among the top indications at many institutions in Europe and North America.2 three 5 20 21 Regrafting might be expected to stay a top indication for PK with the expanding pool of PK recipients and endothelial failure as a major reason for graft failure. Having said that using the growing interest in lamellar Table two Surgical procedures connected with penetrating keratoplasty. All cases that had an anterior chamber lens implanted, underwent surgery from 1990Secondary IOL exchange primary At IOL exchange PK+ECCE+IOL (aphakic) implant ACIOL 5 (3.4 ) PCIOL 140 (94.six ) T.